Ithintwe yi-COVID-19, kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-2020, imakethe yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe ibone ukunyuka okukhulu kwamanani, ukuqhuma kanye nokuntuleka kwamakhabethe.Izinga elihlanganisiwe lenani lezimpahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe laseChina likhuphuke lafinyelela ku-1658.58 ekupheleni kukaZibandlela wonyaka odlule, okuyizinga eliphezulu elisha eminyakeni eyi-12 yakamuva.NgoMashi wonyaka odlule, isigameko "semikhumbi yekhulu leminyaka" yeSuez Canal saqinisa ukushoda kwamandla okuthutha, setha inani eliphezulu lentengo yezinto zokuthutha ezimaphakathi, sathinta umnotho womhlaba, futhi imboni yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe yaphuma ngempumelelo embuthanweni.
Ukwengeza kumthelela wezinguquko zenqubomgomo kanye nezingxabano zendawo emazweni ahlukahlukene, ukuhlelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla sekugxilwe kakhulu kulo mkhakha eminyakeni emibili yakamuva.“Ukuminyana, amanani entengo aphezulu, ukungabibikho kwamakhonteyna nendawo” kwaba wukhiye wokungenela imikhumbi ngonyaka odlule.Yize izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene ziphinde zazama ukwenza izinguquko ezahlukahlukene, izici zempahla yamazwe ngamazwe "njengamanani aphezulu nokuminyana" ngo-2022 zisathinta ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe.
Sekukonke, inkinga yomhlaba wonke yokuthengwa kwempahla edalwe yilolu bhubhane izobandakanya yonke imikhakha yempilo, futhi imboni yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe nayo iyafana.Izoqhubeka nokubhekana nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwenani lempahla kanye nokulungiswa komthamo wezokuthutha.Kule ndawo eyinkimbinkimbi, abahwebi bangaphandle kufanele baqonde umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zamazwe ngamazwe, balwele ukuxazulula izinkinga zamanje futhi bathole indlela entsha yentuthuko.
Ukuthambekela kokuthuthukiswa kwezimpahla zamazwe ngamazwe
Ngenxa yethonya lezici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, inkambiso yentuthuko yemboni yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe ibonakala ikakhulukazi "ekuphikisweni phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo samandla okuthutha kusekhona", "ukwanda kokuhlangana nokuthengwa kwemboni", "ukukhula okuqhubekayo ukutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe obusafufusa" kanye "nokuthuthukiswa okusheshiswayo kokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza".
1. Ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo somthamo wezokuthutha kusekhona
Ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo somthamo wezokuthutha bekulokhu kuyinkinga embonini yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe, eye yajula eminyakeni emibili edlule.Ukuqubuka kwalolu bhubhane sekuphenduke uphethiloli wokuqinisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamandla ezokuthutha kanye nokungezwani phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo, okwenza ukusatshalaliswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa kanye nezinye izixhumanisi zezinto zomhlaba wonke zingakwazi ukuxhunywa ngesikhathi nangendlela ephumelelayo. .Izinqubomgomo zokuvimbela ubhubhane ezisetshenziswa amazwe ahlukahlukene ngokulandelana, kanye nomthelela wokuphindaphindeka kwesimo kanye nokwenyuka kwengcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali, kanye nezinga lokusimama komnotho emazweni ahlukahlukene ahlukile, okuholela ekugxilweni kwamandla okuthutha emhlabeni wonke kwamanye. imigqa namachweba, futhi kunzima ngemikhumbi nabasebenzi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo semakethe.Ukushoda kwama-container, izindawo, abantu, ukunyuka kwamazinga ezimpahla kanye nokuminyana sekuphenduke ikhanda kubantu bezokuthutha.
Kubantu bezokuthutha, kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka odlule, izinqubomgomo zokulawula ubhubhane zamazwe amaningi ziye zaxegiswa, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo se-supply chain kusheshisiwe, futhi izinkinga ezinjengokwenyuka kwezinga lempahla kanye nokuminyana kuye kwadanjiswa ngezinga elithile, okubanika ithemba futhi.Ngo-2022, uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokuvuselela umnotho ezithathwe amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele lwehlise ingcindezi yezokuthutha zamazwe ngamazwe.
Kodwa-ke, ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo somthamo wezokuthutha okubangelwa ukugudluzwa kwesakhiwo phakathi kokwabiwa kwamandla okuthutha kanye nesidingo sangempela kuzoqhubeka nokuba khona kulo nyaka ngokusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi ukulungiswa kokungafani kwamandla okuthutha akukwazi ukuqedwa esikhathini esifushane.
2. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemboni nokuthengwa kuyakhula
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, ukuhlanganiswa nokuthengwa embonini yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe kuye kwasheshisa kakhulu.Amabhizinisi amancane ayaqhubeka nokuhlanganisa, futhi amabhizinisi amakhulu nama-giants akhetha ithuba lokuthola, njengokutholwa kweqembu le-goblin logistics group, ukuthengwa kwe-Maersk kwe-Portuguese e-commerce logistics enterprise uHuub, njalonjalo.Izinsiza ze-Logistics ziyaqhubeka nokusondela ekhanda.
Ukusheshisa kwe-M & A phakathi kwamabhizinisi ezinto zomhlaba jikelele, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubangelwa ukungaqiniseki okungaba khona kanye nengcindezi ebonakalayo, futhi imboni ye-M & umcimbi cishe awunakugwemeka;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yokuthi amanye amabhizinisi alungiselela ukufakwa ohlwini ngenkuthalo, adinga ukunweba imigqa yemikhiqizo yawo, athuthukise amakhono awo esevisi, athuthukise ukuncintisana kwemakethe futhi athuthukise ukuzinza kwezinsizakalo zezokuthutha.Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngenxa yenkinga ye-supply chain ebangelwe yilolu bhubhane, ebhekene nokungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo kanye nesidingo kanye nokuphuma kwamandla okulawula umhlaba wonke, amabhizinisi adinga ukwakha uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngezinto oluzimele nolulawulekayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda okubukhali kwenzuzo yamabhizinisi emikhumbi yomhlaba wonke eminyakeni emibili edlule kukhulise nokuzethemba kumabhizinisi ukuthi aqalise i-M & A.
Ngemva kweminyaka emibili ye-M & nempi, i-M & A yalo nyaka embonini yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe izogxila kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni okuqondile kokukhuphuka nomfula ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nomthelela.Embonini yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe, intando enhle yamabhizinisi, imali eyanele kanye nezidingo ezingokoqobo zizokwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-M & A kube igama elibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni kulo nyaka.
3. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe obusafufusa kwaqhubeka nokukhula
Ngokuthintwa yilolu bhubhane, izinkinga zamabhizinisi ophiko lwezokuthutha lwamazwe ngamazwe ekuthuthukisweni kwebhizinisi, ukugcinwa kwamakhasimende, izindleko zabantu, inzuzo yemali nokunye sezigqama kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi amancane, aphakathi nendawo kanye namancane aqala ukufuna uguquko, njengokunciphisa izindleko nokubona uguquko ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bedijithali, noma ukusebenzisana nezikhondlakhondla zemboni kanye namabhizinisi epulatifomu yezimpahla zomhlaba wonke, ukuze bathole ukuhlonyiswa okungcono kwebhizinisi. .Ubuchwepheshe bedijithali obufana ne-e-commerce, i-inthanethi yezinto, i-cloud computing, idatha enkulu, i-blockchain, i-5g kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa bunikeza ithuba lokunqamula lobu bunzima.
Ukukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali emkhakheni we-international logistics digitization nakho kuyavela.Ngemuva kwentuthuko eminyakeni yamuva nje, amabhizinisi edijithali e-International Logistics ekhanda lethrekhi ehlukanisiwe iye yafunwa, inani elikhulu lezimali embonini liye lavela, futhi inhloko-dolobha kancane kancane yabuthana ekhanda.Isibonelo, i-flexport, eyazalelwa eSilicon Valley, inesamba sezimali se-US $ 1.3 billion esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokusheshisa kwe-M & A kanye nokuhlanganiswa embonini yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusafufusa sekuyiyona ndlela eyinhloko yokuthi amabhizinisi akhe futhi alondoloze ukuncintisana kwawo okuyisisekelo.Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha embonini kungaqhubeka nokukhula ngo-2022.
4. Sheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-green logistics
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isimo sezulu somhlaba wonke sishintshe kakhulu futhi isimo sezulu esibi senzeke kaningi.Kusukela ngo-1950, izimbangela zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni ikakhulukazi zivela emisebenzini yabantu efana nesisi esingcolisa umoya, lapho umthelela we-CO ν ubala cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu.Ukuze kubhekwane nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu nokuvikela imvelo, ohulumeni bamazwe ahlukahlukene baye bawenza ngenkuthalo umsebenzi futhi benza uchungechunge lwezivumelwano ezibalulekile ezimelwe yiSivumelwano SaseParis.
Njengemboni enamasu, eyisisekelo nehamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni komnotho kazwelonke, imboni yezokuthutha ithwala umgomo obalulekile wokongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ikhabhoni.Ngokombiko okhishwe u-Roland Berger, imboni yezokuthutha kanye neyokuthutha "yiyona ebambe iqhaza elikhulu" ekukhishweni kwesikhutha emhlabeni jikelele, okubalelwa ku-21% wokukhishwa kwesikhutha emhlabeni jikelele.Njengamanje, ukusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwekhabhoni eluhlaza kanye ne-low-carbon kuye kwaba ukuvumelana kwemboni yezokuthutha, futhi "umgomo we-carbon double" usuphenduke isihloko esishisayo embonini.
Iminotho emikhulu emhlabeni jikelele iqhubekile nokujulisa izinyathelo ezibalulekile ezifana nentengo yekhabhoni, ubuchwepheshe bekhabhoni kanye nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo samandla eduze kwesu "lekhabhoni ephindwe kabili".Isibonelo, uhulumeni wase-Austrian uhlela ukuzuza "ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon / net zero emission" ngo-2040;Uhulumeni waseShayina uhlela ukufeza "i-carbon peak" ngo-2030 kanye "ne-carbon neutrality / net zero emission" ngo-2060. Ngokusekelwe emizamweni eyenziwa ngamazwe ahlukahlukene ekusebenziseni umgomo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" kanye nesimo sengqondo esihle se-United States sokubuyela emuva. Esivumelwaneni saseParis, ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo kwemboni yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nomgomo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" eminyakeni emibili yakamuva kuzoqhubeka kulo nyaka.I-Green Logistics isiphenduke ithrekhi entsha yokuncintisana kwezimakethe, futhi ijubane lokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-green logistics embonini lizoqhubeka nokukhula ngesivinini.
Ngamafuphi, endabeni yezifo eziwumshayabhuqe eziphindaphindiwe, izimo eziphuthumayo eziqhubekayo kanye nochungechunge lwezokuthutha olubuthaka ngezigaba, imboni yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe izoqhubeka nokulungisa ukuhlelwa kwebhizinisi layo kanye nesiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa ngokuvumelana nezinqubomgomo nemihlahlandlela yohulumeni.
Ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo samandla ezokuthutha, ukuhlanganiswa kwezimboni nokuhlanganiswa, ukutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe obusafufusa kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuluhlaza kokuhlelwa kwempahla kuzoba nomthelela othile ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe.Amathuba nezinselelo zizohlangana ngo-2022.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-08-2022